{"id":59880,"date":"2026-08-03T10:24:18","date_gmt":"2026-08-03T07:24:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/news\/foreign-court-judgments-recognition-belarus\/"},"modified":"2026-08-03T10:24:18","modified_gmt":"2026-08-03T07:24:18","slug":"foreign-court-judgments-recognition-belarus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/news\/foreign-court-judgments-recognition-belarus\/","title":{"rendered":"Belarus&#8217;ta Yabanc\u0131 Mahkeme Kararlar\u0131n\u0131n Tan\u0131nmas\u0131 ve \u0130cras\u0131: 2026&#8217;da Ger\u00e7ekte Ne \u0130\u015fe Yar\u0131yor?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_89 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"cursor:pointer\">Table of Contents<\/div>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/news\/foreign-court-judgments-recognition-belarus\/#Ana_ayrim_Tahkim_karari_ile_mahkeme_karari\" >Ana ayr\u0131m: Tahkim karar\u0131 ile mahkeme karar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/news\/foreign-court-judgments-recognition-belarus\/#Belarusun_anlasma_agi_Uc_katmanli_cerceve\" >Belarus&#8217;un anla\u015fma a\u011f\u0131: \u00dc\u00e7 katmanl\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7eve<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/news\/foreign-court-judgments-recognition-belarus\/#Ikili_liste_Hangi_anlasmalar_fiilen_sonuc_veriyor\" >\u0130kili liste: Hangi anla\u015fmalar fiilen sonu\u00e7 veriyor?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/news\/foreign-court-judgments-recognition-belarus\/#Ikili_anlasma_bulunmayan_durumlar_ve_mutekabiliyet_meselesi\" >\u0130kili anla\u015fma bulunmayan durumlar ve m\u00fctekabiliyet meselesi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/news\/foreign-court-judgments-recognition-belarus\/#Tanima_proseduru\" >Tan\u0131ma prosed\u00fcr\u00fc<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/news\/foreign-court-judgments-recognition-belarus\/#Ret_gerekceleri_Fiilen_tanimayi_reddeden_unsurlar\" >Ret gerek\u00e7eleri: Fiilen tan\u0131may\u0131 reddeden unsurlar<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/news\/foreign-court-judgments-recognition-belarus\/#2026_pratik_gercekligi\" >2026 pratik ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/news\/foreign-court-judgments-recognition-belarus\/#Yan_yana_Anlasma_haritasi\" >Yan yana: Anla\u015fma haritas\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/news\/foreign-court-judgments-recognition-belarus\/#Neler_yanlis_gidebilir\" >Neler yanl\u0131\u015f gidebilir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/news\/foreign-court-judgments-recognition-belarus\/#Anlasmasiz_alacaklilar_icin_stratejik_alternatifler\" >Anla\u015fmas\u0131z alacakl\u0131lar i\u00e7in stratejik alternatifler<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/news\/foreign-court-judgments-recognition-belarus\/#Sikca_sorulan_sorular\" >S\u0131k\u00e7a sorulan sorular<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/news\/foreign-court-judgments-recognition-belarus\/#Yabanci_mahkeme_karari_alacaklilariyla_nasil_calisiyoruz\" >Yabanc\u0131 mahkeme karar\u0131 alacakl\u0131lar\u0131yla nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yoruz?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yabanc\u0131 bir alacakl\u0131, Belaruslu bir bor\u00e7luya kar\u015f\u0131 mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131 elinde bulunduruyor. \u0130ki y\u0131ll\u0131k yarg\u0131 s\u00fcrecinin ard\u0131ndan karar kesinle\u015fti. Masraflara h\u00fckmedildi. Bor\u00e7lunun varl\u0131klar\u0131 Minsk&#8217;te. Banka hesaplar\u0131, gayrimenkuller, ticari alacaklar, bir depodaki envanter hakk\u0131nda her \u015feyi biliyorsunuz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sonraki ad\u0131m basit g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Karar\u0131 Belarus mahkemesine sunun, tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131n, bir icra memuruna teslim edin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sonraki ad\u0131m basit de\u011fildir. Karar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesinde ge\u00e7erlilik kazan\u0131p kazanamayaca\u011f\u0131, karar\u0131 veren mahkemeye ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r ve bu sorunun 2026&#8217;daki yan\u0131t\u0131 birka\u00e7 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine k\u0131yasla \u00e7ok daha zordur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu yaz\u0131 pratik bir yol haritas\u0131d\u0131r. S\u00f6zle\u015fme \u00e7er\u00e7evesi, prosed\u00fcr, ret gerek\u00e7eleri ve yabanc\u0131 avukatlar i\u00e7in \u015fu anda en \u00f6nemli olan k\u0131s\u0131m: 2022&#8217;den bu yana bu \u00e7er\u00e7evenin fiilen nas\u0131l sonu\u00e7 verdi\u011fi ve nelerin de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ana_ayrim_Tahkim_karari_ile_mahkeme_karari\"><\/span><strong>Ana ayr\u0131m: Tahkim karar\u0131 ile mahkeme karar\u0131<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce bu ayr\u0131m\u0131 netle\u015ftirmekte fayda var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hakem kararlar\u0131 ile mahkeme kararlar\u0131 Belarus&#8217;ta farkl\u0131 hukuki mekanizmalara tabidir. Bu ayr\u0131m konunun t\u00fcm \u00e7er\u00e7evesini belirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hakem kararlar\u0131 1958 tarihli New York S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi kapsam\u0131nda i\u015flem g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Belarus bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye taraft\u0131r. 170&#8217;ten fazla \u00fclke de taraft\u0131r. S\u00f6zle\u015fmeye taraf herhangi bir devlette verilen bir hakem karar\u0131, S\u00f6zle\u015fmenin izin verdi\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 gerek\u00e7elerle ve her biri i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde i\u015fleyen bir prosed\u00fcrle Belarus&#8217;ta tan\u0131n\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcrecin i\u015fleyi\u015fini <a href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/news\/enforcing-foreign-arbitral-awards-belarus\/\">Belarus&#8217;ta yabanc\u0131 tahkim kararlar\u0131n\u0131n icras\u0131<\/a> hakk\u0131ndaki yaz\u0131m\u0131zda ele ald\u0131k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mahkeme kararlar\u0131, Belarus ile karar\u0131 veren ilgili devlet aras\u0131ndaki ikili veya \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131 anla\u015fmalar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde tenfiz edilir. Belarus mevzuat\u0131 ve uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkileri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan mahkeme kararlar\u0131 i\u00e7in New York S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi&#8217;nin bir dengi bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Her anla\u015fma kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc kurallar\u0131 olan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir metindir. Bir anla\u015fman\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda ise tan\u0131ma i\u015flemi, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da ele alaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z zay\u0131f bir m\u00fctekabiliyet esas\u0131na g\u00f6re y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Birinci rejim geni\u015f ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilirdir. \u0130kincisi par\u00e7al\u0131d\u0131r ve hangi iki devletin dahil oldu\u011funa ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu makalenin konusu da o ikinci rejimdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Belarusun_anlasma_agi_Uc_katmanli_cerceve\"><\/span><strong>Belarus&#8217;un anla\u015fma a\u011f\u0131: \u00dc\u00e7 katmanl\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7eve<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00c7ok tarafl\u0131 BDT ara\u00e7lar\u0131.<\/strong> 1993 tarihli Minsk S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi \u2014 Medeni, Aile ve Ceza \u0130\u015flerinde Adli Yard\u0131m ve Adli \u0130li\u015fkiler \u00dczerine \u2014 BDT \u00fcyeleri i\u00e7in temel \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131 tan\u0131ma \u00e7er\u00e7evesini sa\u011flar. 2002 Ki\u015finev S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, onaylayan imzac\u0131lar aras\u0131nda Belarus&#8217;un da bulundu\u011fu bir halef olarak m\u00fczakere edilmi\u015ftir. Her iki devlet de Ki\u015finev S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi&#8217;ne tarafsa Ki\u015finev uygulan\u0131r; taraflardan biri yaln\u0131zca Minsk S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi&#8217;ne ba\u011fl\u0131 kald\u0131ysa Minsk uygulanmaya devam eder. \u00dcye devletler aras\u0131nda Rusya, Kazakistan, K\u0131rg\u0131zistan, Tacikistan, \u00d6zbekistan, Ermenistan, Azerbaycan, Moldova ve Belarus&#8217;un kendisi yer al\u0131r. Metinler ve g\u00fcncel durum, merkezi Minsk&#8217;te bulunan <a href=\"https:\/\/cis.minsk.by\/\">BDT Y\u00fcr\u00fctme Komitesi<\/a> nezdindedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>EAEU \u00e7er\u00e7evesi.<\/strong> Avrasya Ekonomik Birli\u011fi b\u00fcnyesinde \u2014 Belarus, Rusya, Kazakistan, K\u0131rg\u0131zistan, Ermenistan \u2014 ek i\u015f birli\u011fi mekanizmalar\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi ticari mahkeme kararlar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 daha da kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. EAEU kapsam\u0131ndaki tan\u0131ma, temelini olu\u015fturan CIS \u00e7er\u00e7evesinin \u00fczerinde daha kapsaml\u0131 bir katman olarak i\u015flev g\u00f6rmektedir. EAEU \u00fcyesi devletler aras\u0131ndaki ticari mahkeme kararlar\u0131, yaln\u0131zca Minsk S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi&#8217;nin \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden \u00e7ok daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ilerlemektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0130kili anla\u015fmalar.<\/strong> Belarus&#8217;un BDT d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00f6nemli say\u0131da \u00fclkeyle ikili adli yard\u0131m anla\u015fmas\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. 1993 \u00c7in-Belarus anla\u015fmas\u0131. Vietnam, K\u00fcba, \u0130ran, Mo\u011folistan ile anla\u015fmalar. Macaristan, Polonya, Bulgaristan, Romanya, eski \u00c7ekoslovakya (ard\u0131llar\u0131 \u00c7ekya ve Slovakya) ve di\u011ferleri ile Sovyet d\u00f6nemi ikili anla\u015fmalar\u0131. 1990&#8217;lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan kalma Balt\u0131k devletleri ile ikili d\u00fczenlemeler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Her anla\u015fman\u0131n tan\u0131ma, yetki gerek\u00e7eleri ve ret gerek\u00e7eleri konusunda kendi maddi kurallar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Anla\u015fmalar yeknesak de\u011fildir ve bir anla\u015fman\u0131n prosed\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn di\u011ferine aktar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 varsay\u0131m\u0131 ba\u015fvuru a\u015famas\u0131nda yinelenen bir hatad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/midsection-man-working-table-1-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-53564\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/midsection-man-working-table-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/midsection-man-working-table-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/midsection-man-working-table-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/midsection-man-working-table-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/midsection-man-working-table-1-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ikili_liste_Hangi_anlasmalar_fiilen_sonuc_veriyor\"><\/span><strong>\u0130kili liste: Hangi anla\u015fmalar fiilen sonu\u00e7 veriyor?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ticari uygulamada en s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan BDT d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ikili anla\u015fmalar\u0131 ele al\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00c7in.<\/strong> 1993 tarihli \u00c7in-Belarus adli yard\u0131m anla\u015fmas\u0131, \u00c7in mahkeme kararlar\u0131n\u0131n Belarus&#8217;ta ve Belarus mahkeme kararlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00c7in&#8217;de tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n temel dayana\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Anla\u015fman\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 ticaret ili\u015fkisiyle birlikte b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Belaruslu muhataplardan alaca\u011f\u0131 bulunan \u00c7inli alacakl\u0131lar i\u00e7in bu uygulanabilir bir icra yoludur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Vietnam, K\u00fcba, \u0130ran, Mo\u011folistan.<\/strong> Her biri ile ikili anla\u015fmalar mevcuttur. Tan\u0131ma usulen m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ticari uygulamada kullan\u0131m\u0131 ara s\u0131rad\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 bir anla\u015fmada benzer bir konunun nas\u0131l i\u015fledi\u011fine dair ge\u00e7mi\u015f haf\u0131zaya g\u00fcvenmek yerine, herhangi bir davan\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda ilgili anla\u015fma metnini ve resmi tasdik \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulay\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Macaristan, Polonya, Bulgaristan, Romanya, \u00c7ekya, Slovakya.<\/strong> Sovyet d\u00f6neminden kalma anla\u015fmalar bir\u00e7ok durumda i\u015flev g\u00f6rmeye devam etmektedir. Her anla\u015fman\u0131n Belarus ile belirli halef devlet aras\u0131nda pratikte uygulan\u0131p uygulanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, anla\u015fman\u0131n salt varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan varsay\u0131lmak yerine herhangi bir tan\u0131ma s\u0131ras\u0131nda kontrol edilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Litvanya, Letonya.<\/strong> 1990&#8217;lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan kalma Sovyet ard\u0131l\u0131 ikili d\u00fczenlemeler. Anla\u015fma metinleri y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte kalmaya devam etmektedir. Bunlar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin pratik ortam 2022 sonras\u0131 geli\u015fmelerden etkilenmi\u015ftir ve beklentileri yaln\u0131zca anla\u015fma metni de\u011fil, g\u00fcncel dava tecr\u00fcbesi y\u00f6nlendirmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u00fcncel anla\u015fma listesi <a href=\"https:\/\/minjust.gov.by\/\">Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a> arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yay\u0131mlanmakta olup yabanc\u0131 avukat\u0131n bir icra stratejisi planlamas\u0131 i\u00e7in pratik referans noktas\u0131 olmaya devam etmektedir. Bor\u00e7lu temerr\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckten sonra de\u011fil, yetki \u015fart\u0131 maddeleri kaleme al\u0131n\u0131rken kontrol edilmesinde fayda vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ikili_anlasma_bulunmayan_durumlar_ve_mutekabiliyet_meselesi\"><\/span><strong>\u0130kili anla\u015fma bulunmayan durumlar ve m\u00fctekabiliyet meselesi<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Belarus ile karar\u0131 veren yarg\u0131 yetkisi aras\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir anla\u015fma bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ne olur?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Belarus usul hukuku, m\u00fctekabiliyet temelinde tan\u0131may\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcr; yabanc\u0131 mahkemenin kendi \u00fclkesi e\u015fde\u011fer ko\u015fullarda bir Belarus karar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131yacaksa, Belarus mahkemeleri yabanc\u0131 karar\u0131 tan\u0131yabilir. Doktrin <a href=\"https:\/\/pravo.by\/\">Ulusal Hukuki \u0130nternet Portal\u0131<\/a> \u00fczerindeki Medeni Usul Kanununda yer almaktad\u0131r. Pratik uygulamas\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 ve vaka odakl\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yabanc\u0131 alacakl\u0131lar m\u00fctekabiliyete dayal\u0131 tan\u0131may\u0131 birincil yol olarak g\u00f6rmemelidir. Bu ilke dar ko\u015fullarda, e\u015fde\u011fer muamelenin a\u00e7\u0131k emsalini g\u00f6steren olgular \u00fczerinde i\u015fler ve o zaman bile sonu\u00e7, \u00fczerine bir tahsilat planlanacak kadar \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir de\u011fildir. Bunu bir stratejiden ziyade ikincil bir arg\u00fcman olarak ele al\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Belarus ile ikili anla\u015fmas\u0131 olmayan b\u00fcy\u00fck Bat\u0131 \u00fclkeleri i\u00e7in \u2014 Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k, Almanya, Fransa, Hollanda, Bat\u0131 Avrupa&#8217;n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu \u2014 2026&#8217;da Belarus&#8217;ta bir mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 g\u00fcvenilir bir yol de\u011fildir. Bu \u00fclkelerden alacakl\u0131lar i\u00e7in pratik cevap tamamen farkl\u0131 mekanizmalar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla dava a\u00e7makt\u0131r. Bu alternatiflere a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da de\u011finiyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tanima_proseduru\"><\/span><strong>Tan\u0131ma prosed\u00fcr\u00fc<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ad\u0131m ad\u0131m, bir anla\u015fma temelinin var oldu\u011funu varsayarak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tan\u0131ma talebi yetkili Belarus mahkemesine sunulur. Hangi mahkemenin g\u00f6revli oldu\u011fu konuya ve uygulanabilir anla\u015fmaya ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r; Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme baz\u0131 kategorilere bakar; b\u00f6lge mahkemeleri di\u011ferlerini inceler; Ekonomi Mahkemesi sistemi ticari tan\u0131may\u0131 ele al\u0131r. Mahkeme yap\u0131s\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/court.gov.by\/\">Belarus mahkeme sistemi portal\u0131<\/a> arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yay\u0131mlan\u0131r ve Belaruslu avukat ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta do\u011fru mercii belirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ba\u015fvuru paketi \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Yabanc\u0131 karar, uygulanabilir anla\u015fman\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi \u015fekilde apostil veya di\u011fer tasdik ile ve yeminli Rus\u00e7a terc\u00fcmesi. <a href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/services\/documents-apostille-in-belarus\/\">Apostil ve terc\u00fcme zinciri<\/a> herhangi bir yabanc\u0131 belge dosyas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan ayn\u0131 i\u015f ak\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r ve bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 g\u00fcnlerden ziyade haftalar s\u00fcrer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Karar\u0131 veren mahkemeden kesinle\u015fme \u015ferhi \u2014 karar\u0131n, verildi\u011fi yarg\u0131 \u00e7evresinde art\u0131k temyize tabi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulayan belge.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Daval\u0131n\u0131n as\u0131l yarg\u0131lamada usul\u00fcne uygun olarak tebligat ald\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair, karar\u0131 veren mahkemenin d\u00fczenledi\u011fi teyit belgeleri.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Belarus mahkemesinin kabul etti\u011fi bi\u00e7imde Belaruslu avukata vek\u00e2letname.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yasal mahkeme harc\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Belarus mahkemesi ba\u015fvuruyu uygulanabilir anla\u015fman\u0131n izin verdi\u011fi gerek\u00e7elerle inceler. Gerek\u00e7eler esasa dayal\u0131 olmaktan ziyade s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 ve usulidir: yabanc\u0131 mahkemenin yetkisi, tebligatta adil yarg\u0131lanma, kesinle\u015fme, ayn\u0131 konuda daha \u00f6nceki Belarus kararlar\u0131yla \u00e7eli\u015fki, kamu d\u00fczeni ile \u00e7eli\u015fki. Mahkeme temel uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeniden karara ba\u011flamaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tan\u0131ma karar\u0131 verilirse, Belarus mahkemesi bir icra emri \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Emir icra memurlu\u011funa gider ve icra yerel bir Belarus mahkemesi karar\u0131 i\u00e7in oldu\u011fu gibi devam eder. \u0130cra s\u0131ras\u0131nda alacakl\u0131n\u0131n konumunun korunmas\u0131 o noktadan itibaren as\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ret_gerekceleri_Fiilen_tanimayi_reddeden_unsurlar\"><\/span><strong>Ret gerek\u00e7eleri: Fiilen tan\u0131may\u0131 reddeden unsurlar<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yineleyen ret kategorileri ve her biri hakk\u0131nda k\u0131sa yorumlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Uygulanabilir anla\u015fman\u0131n yetki kurallar\u0131 uyar\u0131nca <strong>yabanc\u0131 mahkemenin yetkisinin olmamas\u0131<\/strong>. Belaruslu bor\u00e7lular taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclen en yayg\u0131n teknik itiraz. Anla\u015fman\u0131n yabanc\u0131 bir mahkemenin ne zaman yetkili kabul edilece\u011fine dair \u00f6zel kurallar belirledi\u011fi durumlarda, bor\u00e7lu bu kurallar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yabanc\u0131 yarg\u0131lamalarda <strong>daval\u0131ya usul\u00fcne uygun tebligat yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131<\/strong>. Tan\u0131ma a\u015famas\u0131nda \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclen tebligattaki usuli kusurlar. Bazen tebligat Belarus i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli kanun kapsam\u0131nda tan\u0131nmayan y\u00f6ntemlerle yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ayn\u0131 taraflar aras\u0131nda ayn\u0131 konuda <strong>daha \u00f6nce bir Belarus mahkemesinde karar verilmi\u015f olmas\u0131<\/strong>. Uygulamada nadir ancak uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde davan\u0131n kesin reddine yol a\u00e7ar. Baz\u0131 Belaruslu bor\u00e7lular bu itiraz\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrebilmek i\u00e7in tam olarak savunma ama\u00e7l\u0131 bir Belarus davas\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcrler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Karar\u0131 veren \u00fclkenin hukuku uyar\u0131nca <strong>karar\u0131n kesinle\u015fmemi\u015f olmas\u0131<\/strong>. Usulidir; kesinle\u015fme belgesiyle ele al\u0131n\u0131r. Bazen belge Belarus mahkemelerinin kabul etmeyece\u011fi bir bi\u00e7imde d\u00fczenlenir ve ba\u015fvuru yeniden yap\u0131lmak \u00fczere geri \u00e7evrilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Belarus kamu d\u00fczeni ile \u00e7eli\u015fki<\/strong> (ordre public). En esnek ret gerek\u00e7esi ve jeopolitik ortam de\u011fi\u015ftik\u00e7e pratik kapsam\u0131 geni\u015flemi\u015f olan gerek\u00e7e. Gerek\u00e7e ticari davalarda tarihsel olarak dard\u0131. 2026&#8217;da daha s\u0131k dile getirilmekte ve daha s\u0131k ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r; \u00f6zellikle her iki tarafta yapt\u0131r\u0131m uygulanan \u00fclkelerdeki taraflar\u0131 i\u00e7eren davalarda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Anla\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131.<\/strong> Ba\u015fvuru paketindeki \u015fekli kusurlar \u2014 yanl\u0131\u015f tasdik, eksik terc\u00fcme, kusurlu vek\u00e2letname. Yeniden ba\u015fvuru ile giderilebilir ancak ciddi zaman kayb\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mahkeme temel uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeniden karara ba\u011flamaz. Retler esas bazl\u0131 de\u011fil usuli veya gerek\u00e7e bazl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"bcta bcta--post \">\r\n    <div class=\"bcta__title title\">Yabanc\u0131 IT \u015eirketleri \u0130\u00e7in Hukuki Destek<\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"bcta__snippet\">Belarus&#8217;taki IT \u015firketleriyle ve HTP kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131yla i\u015f birli\u011fi yapan yabanc\u0131 m\u00fcvekkillere profesyonel hukuki destek!<\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"bcta__more\">\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/services\/information-technologies-lawyer-in-belarus\/representation-foreign-customers-software\/\" class=\"btn btn--outline\">\r\n\t\t\tDetayl\u0131 Bilgi            <span class=\"btn__icon btn__icon--arrow\"><\/span>\r\n        <\/a>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2026_pratik_gercekligi\"><\/span><strong>2026 pratik ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ne de\u011fi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Anla\u015fma \u00e7er\u00e7evesi 2022&#8217;den bu yana resmi olarak pek de\u011fi\u015fmedi. Anla\u015fmalar ka\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte kalmaya devam ediyor. Minsk ve Ki\u015finev S\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte kalmaya devam ediyor. \u00c7in-Belarus anla\u015fmas\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte kalmaya devam ediyor. Avrupal\u0131 devletlerle Sovyet d\u00f6nemi ikili anla\u015fmalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte kalmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De\u011fi\u015fen \u015fey \u00e7er\u00e7eve etraf\u0131ndaki pratik ortamd\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle \u00fc\u00e7 temel de\u011fi\u015fiklik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kamu d\u00fczeni incelemesi s\u0131k\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/strong> Belarus mahkemeleri, \u00f6zellikle yabanc\u0131 karar\u0131n Belarus&#8217;a veya taraflara yapt\u0131r\u0131m maruziyeti olan bir yarg\u0131 yetkisinden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda, ticari tan\u0131ma konular\u0131nda kamu d\u00fczeni gerek\u00e7esini 2022&#8217;den bu yana daha s\u0131k uygulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu bir kural de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi de\u011fildir. Bu bir duru\u015f de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fidir ve duru\u015f de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 y\u00f6nlendirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Bankac\u0131l\u0131k ve kambiyo kontrolleri tan\u0131ma s\u00fcrecini zorla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong> Tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir karar bile, temel tahsilat yapt\u0131r\u0131ma tabi bir yarg\u0131 alan\u0131ndaki bir alacakl\u0131ya giden d\u0131\u015fa d\u00f6n\u00fck \u00f6deme gerektiriyorsa icra a\u015famas\u0131nda engellerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r. \u0130cra memurlu\u011fu ve ticari banka her ikisi de ek katmanlar uygular ve <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbrb.by\/engl\">Ulusal Banka&#8217;n\u0131n d\u00f6viz kontrol\u00fc \u00e7er\u00e7evesi<\/a> t\u00fcm yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00f6demeleri denetimi alt\u0131nda tutar. Bankan\u0131n muhabir a\u011f\u0131, hukuki \u00e7er\u00e7evenin neye izin verdi\u011finden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak belirli bir var\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131na ger\u00e7ekten ula\u015f\u0131labilir olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 genellikle belirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Bor\u00e7lular\u0131n hukuki fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/strong> Belaruslu bor\u00e7lular pratik daralman\u0131n daha fazla fark\u0131na varm\u0131\u015flar ve savunmalar\u0131n\u0131 buna g\u00f6re yapmaktad\u0131rlar. \u00d6nceki y\u0131llarda rutin olarak g\u00fcndeme getirilmeyen itirazlar \u2014 kamu d\u00fczeni, yapt\u0131r\u0131m maruziyeti, teknik tebligat kusurlar\u0131 \u2014 art\u0131k tan\u0131ma duru\u015fmas\u0131nda bor\u00e7lular\u0131n savunma stratejilerinin standart par\u00e7alar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Net etki: Yapt\u0131r\u0131ma tabi yarg\u0131 alanlar\u0131ndan gelen ticari mahkeme kararlar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nma ba\u015far\u0131 oran\u0131 ciddi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015ferken, yapt\u0131r\u0131m kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan CIS, EAEU ve anla\u015fma orta\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkelerden gelen kararlar\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131 oran\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak sabit kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7er\u00e7eve ayn\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. Sonu\u00e7lar ise ayn\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yan_yana_Anlasma_haritasi\"><\/span><strong>Yan yana: Anla\u015fma haritas\u0131<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yaln\u0131zca y\u00f6nlendiricidir. Her vaka \u00f6zel anla\u015fma ifadesine, karar\u0131 veren mahkemeye, temel uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011fa ve taraflarla ilgili mevcut yapt\u0131r\u0131m duru\u015funa ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>Rusya<\/td><td>Minsk \/ Ki\u015finev + AETB<\/td><td>Y\u00fcksek, rutin<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kazakistan, K\u0131rg\u0131zistan, Ermenistan<\/td><td>Minsk \/ Ki\u015finev + AETB<\/td><td>Y\u00fcksek<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Di\u011fer BDT (Moldova, Tacikistan, \u00d6zbekistan, Azerbaycan)<\/td><td>Minsk \/ Ki\u015finev<\/td><td>Y\u00fcksek, anla\u015fma h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uyar\u0131nca do\u011frudan<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u00c7in<\/td><td>1993 ikili<\/td><td>Uygulanabilir, b\u00fcy\u00fcyen<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Vietnam, K\u00fcba, \u0130ran, Mo\u011folistan<\/td><td>\u0130kili<\/td><td>Kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda mekanik<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Macaristan, Polonya, Bulgaristan, Romanya, \u00c7ekya, Slovakya<\/td><td>Sovyet d\u00f6nemi ikili<\/td><td>Vaka odakl\u0131; mevcut uygulamay\u0131 do\u011frulay\u0131n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Litvanya, Letonya<\/td><td>Sovyet halefi ikili<\/td><td>Vaka odakl\u0131; 2022 sonras\u0131 s\u00fcrt\u00fc\u015fme<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>BK, ABD, Almanya, Fransa, Hollanda ve benzeri<\/td><td>Yok<\/td><td>Yaln\u0131zca m\u00fctekabiliyet; 2026&#8217;da g\u00fcvenilmez<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Neler_yanlis_gidebilir\"><\/span><strong>Neler yanl\u0131\u015f gidebilir?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tan\u0131ma a\u015famas\u0131nda en s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan hatalar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Yabanc\u0131 bir karar\u0131n baz\u0131 yabanc\u0131 kararlar tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in tan\u0131naca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 varsaymak \u2014 dava s\u0131ras\u0131nda karar\u0131 veren yarg\u0131 \u00e7evresi i\u00e7in \u00f6zel anla\u015fma durumunu kontrol etmeden.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tan\u0131ma ba\u015fvurusunu yetkili mahkeme yerine konuya ve anla\u015fmaya ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme, b\u00f6lge veya Ekonomi Mahkemesi aras\u0131ndan yanl\u0131\u015f Belarus mahkemesine sunmak.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kesinle\u015fme belgesinin veya tebligat belgesinin eksik olmas\u0131 ve karar\u0131 veren mahkemeden eksik belgenin kabul edilebilir bir bi\u00e7imde yeniden d\u00fczenlenmesi istenirken haftalarca beklemek zorunda kalmak.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Belarus&#8217;ta tan\u0131nmay\u0131 varsayan yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir dava stratejisi in\u015fa etmek ve icra a\u015famas\u0131nda stratejinin sonu\u00e7 vermedi\u011fini ke\u015ffetmek.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Art\u0131k rutin olarak g\u00fcndeme getirildi\u011fi \u00fclkelerde kamu d\u00fczeni gerek\u00e7esini \u00f6ng\u00f6rmemek ve duru\u015fmaya haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f savunma arg\u00fcman\u0131 olmadan \u00e7\u0131kmak.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tan\u0131ma ba\u015fvurusunu bir formalite olarak ele almak ve yerel avukat olmaks\u0131z\u0131n sunmak. Ba\u015fvuru usule ili\u015fkin \u00f6zel kurallara tabidir ve bunu yanl\u0131\u015f yapman\u0131n bedeli ba\u015fvuruyu ba\u015ftan yaparken kaybedilen zamand\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Anlasmasiz_alacaklilar_icin_stratejik_alternatifler\"><\/span><strong>Anla\u015fmas\u0131z alacakl\u0131lar i\u00e7in stratejik alternatifler<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yabanc\u0131 mahkeme kararlar\u0131n\u0131n Minsk&#8217;te tan\u0131nmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ne yap\u0131lmal\u0131?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Belarus&#8217;ta do\u011frudan dava a\u00e7\u0131n.<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/services\/suing-a-belarussian-company\/\">Belaruslu bor\u00e7luya Belarus mahkemesinde dava a\u00e7mak<\/a> tan\u0131ma konusunu bertaraf eder. \u00d6nceden var olan bir yabanc\u0131 karara g\u00fcvenmekten daha yava\u015ft\u0131r, evet \u2014 ancak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan karar yereldir ve tan\u0131ma engellerine tak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n icra edilir. Bir\u00e7ok ikili anla\u015fmas\u0131 olmayan yabanc\u0131 alacakl\u0131 i\u00e7in bu en temiz yoldur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahkime g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcn, ard\u0131ndan karar\u0131 tenfiz ettirin.<\/strong> Orijinal s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye iyi tasarlanm\u0131\u015f bir tahkim \u015fart\u0131 koyun. Ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan tahkim karar\u0131 ikili anla\u015fma a\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda de\u011fil New York S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi kapsam\u0131nda tenfiz edilir. \u00c7o\u011fu ikili anla\u015fmas\u0131 olmayan \u00fclke i\u00e7in bu, s\u00f6zle\u015fme yaparken en yararl\u0131 haz\u0131rl\u0131k hamlesidir. Karar sonras\u0131 tan\u0131ma <a href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/services\/arbitration-services\/recognition-and-enforcement-of-foreign-arbitration-judgments\/\">yabanc\u0131 tahkim kararlar\u0131 tan\u0131ma hizmetimiz<\/a> arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>S\u00f6zle\u015fme yaparken teminat al\u0131n.<\/strong> Karar \u00f6ncesi g\u00fcvenceler \u2014 rehinler, m\u00fclkiyetin muhafazas\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf garantileri. Teminat\u0131n kendisi Belarus hukukuna g\u00f6re Belarus&#8217;ta icra edilebilir, bu nedenle tan\u0131ma sorunu asla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaz. Bu g\u00fcvenceleri sonradan de\u011fil, hen\u00fcz ihtiya\u00e7 do\u011fmadan \u00f6nce planlay\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Yerle\u015fik olmayan alacakl\u0131lar departman\u0131m\u0131z arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla alacak tahsiline gidin.<\/strong> Temel s\u00f6zle\u015fme bunu destekledi\u011finde, Belarus&#8217;ta do\u011frudan bir tahsilat s\u00fcreci genellikle davay\u0131 tan\u0131ma yoluyla yeniden y\u00fcr\u00fctmekten daha h\u0131zl\u0131 sonu\u00e7 verir. <a href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/services\/enforcement-proceedings-en\/debt-collection-in-favor-of-a-non-resident-of-belarus-en\/\">Yerle\u015fik olmayan alacakl\u0131 uygulamam\u0131z<\/a> bunu u\u00e7tan uca y\u00f6netir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Daha geni\u015f iflas ba\u011flam\u0131 i\u00e7in \u2014 bor\u00e7lu iflasa girdi\u011finde tan\u0131ma s\u00fcrecinin neye benzedi\u011fi \u2014 Belarus iflas davalar\u0131 i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/news\/how-to-recover-debt-from-belarusian-company-foreign-creditor\/\">yabanc\u0131 alacakl\u0131 rehberimize<\/a> bak\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n    <section class=\"hfaq\">\n        <div class=\"container\">\n            <div class=\"hfaq__wrapper\">\n                <h2 class=\"hfaq__title title title-lg\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sikca_sorulan_sorular\"><\/span>S\u0131k\u00e7a sorulan sorular<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n                <div class=\"hfaq__items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t                        <div class=\"accordion\">\n                            <div class=\"accordion__head\">Yabanc\u0131 mahkeme karar\u0131m Belarus&#8217;ta otomatik olarak ge\u00e7erli olur mu?<\/div>\n                            <div class=\"accordion__body\">\n                                <div class=\"accordion__inner\"><p>Hay\u0131r. Yabanc\u0131 bir mahkeme karar\u0131 ancak Belarus mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra Belarus&#8217;ta icra edilebilir hale gelir ve tan\u0131ma, Belarus ile karar\u0131 veren yarg\u0131 yetkisi aras\u0131nda bir anla\u015fma temeli veya ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir m\u00fctekabiliyet arg\u00fcman\u0131 gerektirir. Bunlardan biri olmadan yabanc\u0131 karar\u0131n Belarus&#8217;ta hi\u00e7bir etkisi yoktur.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t                        <div class=\"accordion\">\n                            <div class=\"accordion__head\">Belarus&#8217;un \u00fclkemle bir anla\u015fmas\u0131 var \u2014 bu tan\u0131may\u0131 garanti eder mi?<\/div>\n                            <div class=\"accordion__body\">\n                                <div class=\"accordion__inner\"><p>Tan\u0131ma i\u00e7in temel sa\u011flar; sonucu garanti etmez. Belarus mahkemesi ba\u015fvuruyu anla\u015fman\u0131n izin verdi\u011fi usuli ve maddi gerek\u00e7elerle inceler ve bor\u00e7lu herhangi bir ret gerek\u00e7esini \u2014 yetki, tebligat, kesinle\u015fme, kamu d\u00fczeni, daha \u00f6nceki Belarus karar\u0131 \u2014 g\u00fcndeme getirebilir. Bir anla\u015fma bu yolu a\u00e7ar, sonucu kesin k\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t                        <div class=\"accordion\">\n                            <div class=\"accordion__head\">Tan\u0131ma prosed\u00fcr\u00fc ne kadar s\u00fcrer? <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"accordion__body\">\n                                <div class=\"accordion__inner\"><p>Eksiksiz bir ba\u015fvuru i\u00e7in iki ila d\u00f6rt ay \u2014 usul\u00fcne uygun haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f bir ba\u015fvuru ile mahkeme karar\u0131 aras\u0131nda. Belge zincirinin tamamlanmas\u0131 ne kadar uzarsa, bor\u00e7lunun itirazlar\u0131 ne kadar kapsaml\u0131 olursa veya konu temyize giderse s\u00fcre\u00e7 o kadar uzar. Ba\u015fvuru mahkemeye sunulmadan \u00f6nce apostil ve terc\u00fcme i\u00e7in ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta birka\u00e7 haftay\u0131 hesaba kat\u0131n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t                        <div class=\"accordion\">\n                            <div class=\"accordion__head\">Belarus mahkemesi yabanc\u0131 karar\u0131m\u0131n esas\u0131n\u0131 yeniden inceleyebilir mi?<\/div>\n                            <div class=\"accordion__body\">\n                                <div class=\"accordion__inner\"><p>Hay\u0131r. Tan\u0131ma mahkemesi ba\u015fvuruyu uygulanabilir anla\u015fman\u0131n izin verdi\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 gerek\u00e7elerle inceler \u2014 yabanc\u0131 mahkemenin yetkisi, adil yarg\u0131lanma, kesinle\u015fme, daha \u00f6nceki Belarus kararlar\u0131yla \u00e7eli\u015fki, kamu d\u00fczeni ile \u00e7eli\u015fki. Temel esaslar yeniden dava edilmez.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t                        <div class=\"accordion\">\n                            <div class=\"accordion__head\">\u00dclkemin Belarus ile ikili anla\u015fmas\u0131 yoksa ne olur? <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"accordion__body\">\n                                <div class=\"accordion__inner\"><p>Medeni Usul Kanunu uyar\u0131nca m\u00fctekabiliyeti, dar, somut olaya \u00f6zg\u00fc ko\u015fullarda uygulanan bir ilke kapsam\u0131nda savunursunuz. \u00dclkeniz Belarus ile ikili anla\u015fmas\u0131 olmayan b\u00fcy\u00fck Bat\u0131 \u00fclkelerinden biriyse, m\u00fctekabiliyete dayal\u0131 tan\u0131ma 2026&#8217;da \u00fczerine bir tahsilat planlanacak bir yol de\u011fildir. Uygulanabilir alternatifler \u2014 do\u011frudan Belarus&#8217;ta dava a\u00e7\u0131n, sonraki s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye bir tahkim \u015fart\u0131 koyun, \u00f6nceden teminat al\u0131n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t                        <div class=\"accordion\">\n                            <div class=\"accordion__head\">AB veya Bat\u0131 kararlar\u0131 i\u00e7in 2022&#8217;den bu yana bir \u015fey de\u011fi\u015fti mi?<\/div>\n                            <div class=\"accordion__body\">\n                                <div class=\"accordion__inner\"><p>\u00c7er\u00e7eve pek de\u011fi\u015fmedi. Ancak pratik deneyim farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131. Belarus mahkemeleri art\u0131k bir taraf\u0131n yapt\u0131r\u0131m uygulanan bir \u00fclkede yerle\u015fik oldu\u011fu ticari durumlarda kamu d\u00fczeni gerek\u00e7esini daha s\u0131k uygulamaktad\u0131r. \u0130cra memuru ve banka icra s\u00fcrecine ek katmanlar getirmektedir. Bor\u00e7lunun avukatlar\u0131 be\u015f y\u0131l \u00f6nce ileri s\u00fcrmeye gerek duymayacaklar\u0131 itirazlar\u0131 g\u00fcndeme getirmektedir. Net etki \u2014 yapt\u0131r\u0131m uygulanan \u00fclke mahkemelerinden tan\u0131ma ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 eskiye g\u00f6re ciddi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t                        <div class=\"accordion\">\n                            <div class=\"accordion__head\">Yabanc\u0131 karar\u0131m\u0131 tan\u0131mak yerine Belarus&#8217;ta dava a\u00e7mal\u0131 m\u0131y\u0131m? <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"accordion__body\">\n                                <div class=\"accordion__inner\"><p>\u0130kili anla\u015fmas\u0131 olmayan \u00fclkelerden gelen \u00e7o\u011fu alacakl\u0131 i\u00e7in evet. Do\u011frudan bir Belarus davas\u0131 genellikle m\u00fctekabiliyete ba\u011fl\u0131 bir tan\u0131ma ba\u015fvurusundan daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve daha g\u00fcvenilirdir. Buradaki denge, yeni bir davan\u0131n zaman\u0131 ve masraf\u0131 ile tan\u0131man\u0131n zaman\u0131 ve masraf\u0131 aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Do\u011fru cevap, talebinizin ne kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funa ve bor\u00e7lunun savunmalar\u0131n\u0131n ne kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t        <script>\n\t\t\tdocument.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){\n\t\t\t\tdocument.querySelector( 'body' ).addEventListener( 'click', function ( e ) {\n\t\t\t\t\tif ( e.target.classList.contains( 'accordion__head' ) ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tlet root = e.target.closest( '.accordion' );\n\t\t\t\t\t\tlet body = e.target.nextElementSibling;\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\tif ( body.style.maxHeight ) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tbody.style.maxHeight = null;\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\troot.classList.remove( 'accordion--expanded' );\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\telse {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tbody.style.maxHeight = body.scrollHeight + 'px';\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\troot.classList.add( 'accordion--expanded' );\n\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t} );\n\t\t\t});\n        <\/script>\n\t\t    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yabanci_mahkeme_karari_alacaklilariyla_nasil_calisiyoruz\"><\/span><strong>Yabanc\u0131 mahkeme karar\u0131 alacakl\u0131lar\u0131yla nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yoruz?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Belarus&#8217;ta yabanc\u0131 mahkeme kararlar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 ve icras\u0131n\u0131 u\u00e7tan uca y\u00f6netiyoruz. S\u00f6zle\u015fmenin ba\u015f\u0131nda anla\u015fma analizi \u2014 hi\u00e7bir belge terc\u00fcme edilmeden veya apostillenmeden \u00f6nce. Karar\u0131 veren yarg\u0131 yetkisindeki ortak ofisler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla koordine edilen belge zinciri. Yetkili Belarus mahkemesine ba\u015fvuru. Tan\u0131ma duru\u015fmas\u0131 boyunca temsil. \u0130cra i\u00e7in icra memurlu\u011funa teslim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tan\u0131ma yolunun uygulanabilir olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda \u2014 ve 2026&#8217;da bu durum eskisine g\u00f6re daha yayg\u0131nd\u0131r \u2014 hukuki \u00fccretler sonu\u00e7 vermeyecek bir tan\u0131ma s\u00fcrecine kar\u015f\u0131 birikmeden \u00f6nce bunu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyoruz. Daha sonra alternatif yolu \u00e7iziyoruz: Do\u011frudan Belarus&#8217;ta dava a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, s\u00f6zle\u015fmede halihaz\u0131rda bulunan bir \u015fart alt\u0131nda tahkime gidilmesi veya dava \u00f6ncesi teminatlar\u0131n paraya \u00e7evrilmesi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Elinizde yabanc\u0131 bir mahkeme karar\u0131 varsa ve bunun ger\u00e7ekten bir Belaruslu bor\u00e7luya ula\u015f\u0131p ula\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmeniz gerekiyorsa, konu\u015fulacak do\u011fru an ba\u015fvuru yap\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce, belgeler terc\u00fcmeye gitmeden \u00f6ncedir. Eksiksiz i\u015f ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/services\/enforcement-proceedings-en\/recognition-and-execution-of-foreign-court-judgements-en\/\">yabanc\u0131 mahkeme karar\u0131 tan\u0131ma<\/a> hizmetimize bak\u0131n ve <a href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/contact-us-en\/\">bizimle ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7in<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yabanc\u0131 bir alacakl\u0131, Belaruslu bir bor\u00e7luya kar\u015f\u0131 mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131 elinde bulunduruyor. \u0130ki y\u0131ll\u0131k yarg\u0131 s\u00fcrecinin ard\u0131ndan karar kesinle\u015fti. Masraflara h\u00fckmedildi. Bor\u00e7lunun varl\u0131klar\u0131 Minsk&#8217;te. Banka hesaplar\u0131, gayrimenkuller, ticari alacaklar, bir depodaki envanter hakk\u0131nda her \u015feyi biliyorsunuz. Sonraki ad\u0131m basit g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Karar\u0131 Belarus mahkemesine sunun, tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131n, bir icra memuruna teslim edin. Sonraki ad\u0131m basit de\u011fildir. Karar\u0131n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":53559,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3828],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59880","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Belarus&#039;ta Yabanc\u0131 Mahkeme Kararlar\u0131: 2026&#039;da Tan\u0131ma - Amby Legal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Belarus&#039;ta yabanc\u0131 mahkeme kararlar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 ve tenfizi: prosed\u00fcr, ret gerek\u00e7eleri ve yetki anla\u015fman\u0131z Minsk&#039;te sonu\u00e7 vermedi\u011finde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekenler.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ambylegal.by\/tr\/news\/foreign-court-judgments-recognition-belarus\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Belarus&#039;ta Yabanc\u0131 Mahkeme Kararlar\u0131: 2026&#039;da Tan\u0131ma - 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